Source: Yiyouliao.
A research team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Innovation Academy for Quantum Information and Quantum Science and Technology has made important progress in quantum computing using both superconducting and photonic systems, making China the only country so far to reach the milestone of “quantum computational advantage” in two physical systems.
In May, Academician Pan Jianwei’s team at the University of Science and Technology of China built Zuchongzhi, the superconducting quantum computing prototype with the most qubits in the world, manipulating 62 superconducting qubits and achieving programmable two-dimensional quantum walks on that basis.
After further research, the superconducting team built Zuchongzhi 2.0, a 66-qubit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype, achieving fast solution of the “quantum random circuit sampling” task.
In computing power, Zuchongzhi 2.0 is ten million times faster than today’s fastest supercomputer, and its computational complexity is a million times higher than Google’s superconducting prototype Sycamore, marking the first time China has reached the quantum computational advantage milestone in the superconducting system.
Last December, a team led by Pan Jianwei and Lu Chaoyang at USTC, working with the Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the National Parallel Computer Engineering Technology Research Center, built Jiuzhang, a photonic quantum computing prototype with 76 photons across 100 modes.
Professor Lu Chaoyang said: “We upgraded the earlier Jiuzhang photonic quantum computer from 76 to 113 photons, and it is a hundred trillion billion times faster than a supercomputer.”
He added: “Superconducting qubits and photonic qubits are internationally recognised as the physical systems most likely to achieve scalable quantum computing. When a quantum computer solves specific problems beyond supercomputers, that is quantum computational advantage, the first milestone of quantum computing development.”
Next, the team hopes that through four to five years of effort it can achieve quantum error correction and explore using special-purpose quantum computers or quantum simulators to solve scientific problems of great application value.
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